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00179_Field_frep100.txt
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1996-12-30
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69 lines
That we experience retinal
rivalry implies that in cases in
which the visual system cannot
get a sensible result out of the
combination of the two sets of
inputs from the two eyes--
either a single fused flat scene
if the images are identical or a
scene with depth if the images
differ only in small horizontal
disparities--it gives up and
simply rejects one of the two,
either outright, as when you
look through a monocular
microscope, keeping the other
eye open, or in patchy or
alternating fashion, as in the
example described here. In the
case of the microscope,
attention surely plays a role,
and the neural mechanisms of
that role are likewise
unknown.
You can see another example
of retinal rivalry if you attempt
to fuse two patches of different
colors, say red and green,
instead of vertical and
horizontal lines as just
described. As I will show in the
next chapter, simply mixing
red and green light produces
the sensation of yellow. On the
contrary, when the two colors
are presented to separate eyes
the result is usually intense
rivalry, with red predominating
one moment and green the
next, and again a tendency for
red and green regions to break
up into patches that come and
go. The rivalry however
disappears and one sees yellow
if the brightnesses of the
patches are carefully adjusted
so as to be equal. It seems that
color rivalry is produced by
differences in brightness
rather than differences in hue.
The second example of the
unpredictability of binocular
effects has direct bearing on
stereopsis but involves retinal
rivalry, which we allude to in
our discussion of strabismus in
Chapter 9.
You cannot fuse this pair in the
way you can fuse other pairs,
such as the first circle
stereopairs shown earlier.
Instead, you get ``retinal
rivalry''--a patchwork quilt of
vertical and horizontal areas
whose borders fade in and out
and change position.